Tours en Cusco

Travel Guide

1. Introduction

History of Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu, often referred to as the «Lost City of the Incas,» is believed to have been constructed in the 15th century during the height of the Inca Empire. It served as a royal estate or religious retreat for Incan emperors. Abandoned and forgotten by the outside world, it was rediscovered by American historian and explorer Hiram Bingham in 1911. Today, it stands as an extraordinary archaeological site, shrouded in mystery and surrounded by breathtaking natural beauty.

UNESCO World Heritage Site

In 1983, Machu Picchu was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site, recognizing its historical significance and cultural importance. It is also often listed as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, drawing travelers from all corners of the globe to explore its ancient wonders.

2. Getting There

Cusco: Gateway to Machu Picchu

Most travelers begin their journey to Machu Picchu by flying into Cusco, the historic capital of the Inca Empire. From Cusco, you have several options to reach Machu Picchu, including train rides and hiking trails. The most famous trail is the Inca Trail, a multi-day trek that offers a challenging and rewarding path to the citadel.

The Inca Trail

The Inca Trail is a world-renowned hiking route that takes you through lush forests, high mountain passes, and a series of archaeological sites before reaching Machu Picchu. Permits are required, and it’s best to book your trek well in advance, especially during the high season (May to September).

Alternative Routes

If you prefer a less strenuous journey, you can take a train from Cusco or Ollantaytambo to the town of Aguas Calientes, which is the gateway to Machu Picchu. From there, you can either hike up to the citadel or take a bus.

3. Exploring Machu Picchu

Main Attractions

Machu Picchu’s main attractions include the Temple of the Sun, the Intihuatana stone, the Temple of the Three Windows, and the agricultural terraces. Each structure holds historical and cultural significance, and guided tours can provide in-depth explanations of their importance.

Hiking Routes

Aside from the Inca Trail, there are other hiking options within the Machu Picchu complex. The hike to Huayna Picchu offers stunning views of the citadel, and the trail to the Inca Bridge provides a unique perspective on Incan engineering.

Guided Tours

Guided tours are available and highly recommended to gain a deeper understanding of the site’s history and significance. Knowledgeable guides can help you appreciate the intricate details and mysteries of Machu Picchu.

4. Practical Tips

Best Time to Visit

The best time to visit is during the dry season, from May to September, to avoid heavy rains. However, this is also the busiest time, so consider visiting during the shoulder seasons (April, October, November) for fewer crowds.

Tickets and Reservations

Purchase your entrance tickets and any required permits well in advance, especially for the Inca Trail. There’s a daily limit on visitors to help preserve the site.

Packing Essentials

Pack comfortable hiking shoes, sunscreen, a hat, rain gear, and a refillable water bottle. Be prepared for changing weather conditions.

Altitude Sickness

Machu Picchu is located at high altitude. Spend a few days in Cusco to acclimatize before attempting any strenuous hikes.

5. Cultural Etiquette

Respect for the Sacred Site

Machu Picchu is a sacred place. Show respect by not touching or climbing on the ruins, and avoid loud conversations or music.

Responsible Tourism

Help protect Machu Picchu for future generations by following the «Leave No Trace» principles. Carry out all trash and avoid disturbing the environment.

6. Nearby Attractions

Aguas Calientes

Explore the charming town of Aguas Calientes, known for its hot springs and artisan markets. It’s an excellent place to relax after your Machu Picchu adventure.

Huayna Picchu

If you’re up for an extra challenge, consider hiking to the summit of Huayna Picchu for breathtaking panoramic views of the citadel.

Inca Bridge

Take a short hike to the Inca Bridge, an ancient pathway that offers dramatic views of a natural bridge along a sheer cliffside.

7. Dining and Accommodation

Local Cuisine

Try traditional Peruvian dishes like ceviche, alpaca steak, and quinoa-based dishes. Aguas Calientes has a variety of restaurants to choose from.

Lodging Options

Aguas Calientes offers a range of lodging options, from budget hostels to luxury hotels. Consider staying the night to explore Machu Picchu during the quieter early morning hours.

8. Safety and Health

Staying Safe

Machu Picchu is generally safe, but be mindful of your belongings. Keep your passport, tickets, and valuables secure.

Altitude Adjustment

Take it easy upon arrival in Cusco to acclimatize to the high altitude. Drink plenty of water and avoid excessive alcohol consumption.

9. Conclusion

Machu Picchu is a place of wonder and spiritual significance, a testament to the ingenuity of the Inca civilization. Visiting this incredible site is an opportunity to connect with history, culture, and