Plaza de Armas de Cusco Travel Guide

The Plaza de Armas de Cusco, often referred to as the “Main Square” or “Huacaypata,” is the heart of the historic city of Cusco, Peru. This bustling square, surrounded by colonial-era buildings and overlooked by the imposing Cusco Cathedral, is not only the geographical center but also the cultural and historical center of the city. Visiting the Plaza de Armas offers an opportunity to immerse yourself in Cusco’s rich history, vibrant culture, and stunning architecture. This travel guide will help you plan your visit to this iconic square.

1. Introduction to Plaza de Armas

Historical Significance: The Plaza de Armas has been the central square of Cusco since the time of the Inca Empire, where it was originally known as “Huacaypata.” It served as the ceremonial and administrative heart of the city during Inca times and continued to be a focal point during the Spanish colonial period.

Architecture and Layout: The square is surrounded by well-preserved colonial buildings constructed atop Inca foundations. The most prominent structures are the Cusco Cathedral and the Compañía de Jesús Church. The square is beautifully landscaped with gardens and a central fountain.

2. How to Get to Plaza de Armas

From Cusco: If you are already in Cusco, the Plaza de Armas is easily reached on foot, as it is located in the city center. Most accommodations in Cusco are within walking distance.

Location and Accessibility: The Plaza de Armas is the central point in Cusco, and its location makes it a hub for public transportation, including buses and taxis.

3. Best Time to Visit Plaza de Armas

Weather: Cusco has a highland climate with variable weather. The dry season from May to September is generally considered the best time to visit, with pleasant weather and minimal rainfall.

Festivals and Events: To experience the square at its liveliest, plan your visit during local festivals or events, such as Inti Raymi (Inca Festival of the Sun) in June.

4. Top Attractions in Plaza de Armas

• Cusco Cathedral: Explore the magnificent Cusco Cathedral, a stunning example of colonial architecture housing an impressive collection of religious art.
• Compañía de Jesús Church: Visit the Compañía de Jesús Church, known for its intricate Baroque architecture and ornate decorations.
• Fountain and Gardens: Enjoy the serene atmosphere of the central fountain and beautifully landscaped gardens within the square.

5. Cultural Insights

• Inca Origins: Learn about the Inca history and the significance of the Plaza de Armas as a sacred space during Inca times.
• Spanish Colonial Influence: Understand the impact of Spanish colonization on Cusco’s architecture and culture, which is evident in the buildings surrounding the square.
• Local Artisans and Street Performers: The square is a gathering place for local artisans and street performers, offering a glimpse into contemporary Andean culture.

6. Food and Dining

• Explore the many restaurants and cafes surrounding the Plaza de Armas, offering a wide range of cuisine, from traditional Peruvian dishes to international options.
• Don’t miss the opportunity to taste local dishes, such as ceviche, lomo saltado, and rocoto relleno, at nearby eateries.

7. Accommodation

• There are various accommodation options in the vicinity of the Plaza de Armas, ranging from luxury hotels to budget-friendly hostels.

8. Safety Tips

• Be aware of the high altitude in Cusco and take precautions to prevent altitude sickness, such as staying hydrated and acclimatizing slowly.
• Exercise standard travel safety precautions, such as safeguarding your belongings and being cautious in crowded areas.

9. Getting Around Plaza de Armas

• The Plaza de Armas is best explored on foot, as most attractions and shops are within walking distance.
• Taxis are readily available for longer journeys within the city.

10. Cultural Etiquette

• Show respect for local customs and traditions, especially during religious festivals or ceremonies.
• Interact with locals respectfully and seek permission before taking photos of people or their property.

11. Language

• While many people in Cusco speak Spanish, learning some basic Quechua phrases can enhance your cultural experience and interactions with locals.

12. Money

• Currency: Peruvian Nuevo Sol (PEN) is the local currency, and ATMs are readily available in Cusco.
• Tipping is customary in restaurants (10-15%) and for guides, drivers, and service providers.

13. Visa and Entry Requirements

• Check visa requirements based on your nationality before traveling to Peru.
• Ensure your passport and necessary documents are up-to-date.

14. Healthcare

• Consider vaccinations and health precautions, especially if traveling from areas with different health risks.
• Medical facilities are available in Cusco, but travel insurance is advisable.

15. Local Souvenirs

• Explore the markets and shops around the Plaza de Armas for artisanal crafts, textiles, jewelry, and other souvenirs reflecting Peruvian culture and craftsmanship.

Visiting the Plaza de Armas de Cusco is an immersive experience in the historical and cultural heart of the city. Use this guide to plan your trip and make the most of your time exploring this iconic square and its surroundings.